A psychotherapy it was influenced by the Enlightenment movement and the philosophers Voltaire and Rousseau with its anthropological foundations. Treatment is indicated for depression, anxiety, relationship problems in general, compulsions, among other emotional difficulties. The duration varies from 6 to 12 months and even years. Discover here the various types of psychotherapy and see what your personality might fit in.
Developed by psychiatrist Sigmund Freud, the psychoanalysis explains that behaviors and feelings are explained by desires that are in our unconscious. The psychoanalyst interprets the patient's words and actions, making connections that lead the individual to have insights to understand their feelings and thoughts, leading to understanding these. The patient may or may not lie with his back to the psychoanalyst.
Indication: chronic personality problems.
Duration: four sessions per week for several years.
Developed by the French psychoanalyst Jacques-Marie Émile Lacan, a disciple of Freud, the lacanian therapy it is similar to psychoanalysis. The therapist interprets the patient's words, jokes, and slips and also interprets dreams in order to reach the unconscious.
Indication: who seeks full self-knowledge.
Duration: 15-minute to 2-hour sessions for many years.
Created in the 1960s by American psychologist Aaron Beck, the cognitive behavioral therapy “trains” the patient to change negative thoughts such as: “I can't do it”. It is a brief psychotherapy, as it is focused on current problems. It can be combined with meditation, hypnosis and life coaching.
Indication: people with specific problems, such as lack of self-esteem and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Duration: 20 to 30 sessions lasting 40 to 50 minutes.
The concept of cognitive-constructivist therapy it is the association of the central nervous system with psychological problems.
Indication: people with brain injuries and degenerative problems.
Duration: depends on the case.
Also known as analytical psychology, was developed by Carl Jung, another disciple of Freud. Interpreting dreams, using diaries to record dreams, paintings, creating scenarios in a sandbox and hypnosis are the tools for accessing the unconscious.
Indication: full self-knowledge.
Duration: a weekly 50-minute session for many years.
Developed in the 50s by Fritz Perls, in gestalt-therapy, the therapist also analyzes the patient's family, friends and work, voice, facial expressions, gestures and posture.
Indication: for those who feel they are stagnant and bored.
Duration: sessions of 50 minutes each.
A reichian orientation therapy was created in the 1940s by Wilhelm Reich, a physician and disciple of Freud. Reich made the association between psychology and medicine, as organic processes are linked to psychological problems. Personality traits are identified by bodily signs such as stiffness or low muscle tone.
Indication: depression, panic attacks, irritability and physical pain.
Duration: depends on the case.
The Roman physician Jacob Levy Moreno founded the psychodrama. Therapy consists of dramatizing current and past situations and discussing the feelings provoked by the role-play. One of the techniques is role reversal, where the patient puts himself in someone else's shoes. It can be individual or in a group and the patient can just observe.
Indication: all people, even the shy ones.
Duration: a weekly consultation of 50 minutes (individual) and up to 2 hours (groups). The patient's evolution determines the duration of treatment.
These are just a few types of psychotherapy. Want to know more? Just read this article: Family therapy: How it works and who can do it
Text written by Sumaia de Santana Salgado from the Eu Sem Fronteiras Team.
